[C++] Safer Usage Of C++ note

Reference:
Safer Usage Of C++

CLang user manual:

https://clang.llvm.org/docs/UsersManual.html

https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangCommandLineReference.html

Enable flags:

-fno-exceptions
-ftrapv
-fwrapv
fsanitize=signed-integer-overflow
-Wdangling-gsl

-fno-delete-null-pointer-checks (named as such for historical reasons) that defines null pointer dereferences. With this flag, dereferences of null are never optimized away.

MiraclePtr:

https://youtu.be/ohlxw5kDn-k

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1QvfZXx5HdUl0IdkBcrx-NM0ua-PVcTi2jNx0Sf-n8Fo/edit#slide=id.gab22a695b8_0_1

scpptool 

is a command line tool to help enforce a memory and data race safe subset of C++. 

https://github.com/duneroadrunner/scpptool

"SaferCPlusPlus" is essentially a collection of safe data types intended to facilitate memory and data race safe C++ programming.

https://github.com/duneroadrunner/SaferCPlusPlus

https://github.com/duneroadrunner/SaferCPlusPlus-AutoTranslation2

StarScan

Heap scanning use-after-free prevention

https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/master:base/allocator/partition_allocator/starscan/README.md

MiraclePtr aka raw_ptr aka BackupRefPtr

https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/ddc017f9569973a731a574be4199d8400616f5a5/base/memory/raw_ptr.md

Pointer Safety Ideas

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1qsPh8Bcrma7S-5fobbCkBkXWaAijXOnorEqvIIGKzc0/edit#

P1705R1

Enumerating Core Undefined Behavior

http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2019/p1705r1.html

Automatic Reference Counting

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_Reference_Counting

Blink GC API reference

https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/third_party/blink/renderer/platform/heap/BlinkGCAPIReference.md

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1XPu03ymz8W295mCftEC9KshH9Icxfq81YwIJQzQrvxo/edit#slide=id.p

2 basic types of memory safety

spatial:

The program will behave in a defined and safe way if it accesses memory outside valid bounds.

Examples include array bounds, struct and union field access, and iterator access.

temporal:

The program will behave in a defined and safe way if it accesses memory when that memory is not valid at the time of the access.

Examples include use after free (UAF), double-free, use before initialization, and use after move (UAM).

[[clang::lifetimebound]] 

https://clang.llvm.org/docs/AttributeReference.html#lifetimebound

ABSL

Use absl::variant Instead Of enums for state machines